Hammer for pulverizers



- J. L. HILLER.

HAMMER FOR PuL. zERs. F1 LED Aus. 4, 19.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l UM/w Y JOSEPH L. HILLER A E KM ATTORNEY.

Patented dan. 2li, 123i..

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applica-rimmed august i, 191e. serial ivo. siagne.

7 1o @ZZ 'whom it may concern Be it known that l, 'JOSEPH L, Hinter., a wcitiaen ofthe United States, 'residing `at rliattapoisett, inthe county of Plymouth and `y State of lli/fassachusetts,` have `invented certain new and useful improvements `in lflamm'ers for lPulverizers, vofwhich the fol- -ilowingis aspecili'cation. y

-illhi's invention-`relates`- to hammers for pulverizers `and to `that `branch of the art infwhich Patent No. 1,197,026 was granted on September' 5, 1916 to me. Hammers made ini accordance with this invention are adapted for use in my pending applications, Serial No. '277702 of February 18, 1919 and Serialfhlo. 279144 filed February 25, 1919 and generallyinjcrushers and pulverizers `of the swing hammer type. Such hammers are` specially adapted for use in balanced rotors. y

'llhe object` `ofthe invention `is to provide renewable `cutting edges at a moderate cost, both for `the material required for the renewable members "and in thetime for malt- -ing'the-changes and to provide an efficient type of renewable cutting` edge which is securely held in `position in a simple manner.

l attain the objects ysought by utilizingmy discovery in the `triangular prismatic formfortherenewable member of a shape which iseasy to` manufacture, requires no `surface finishing` or other .machining pos- "sesses any admirable cutting edge and presents,"when new, a choice of six edge faces "each equally v,goed for service. Although this isfnot a standard rolled section, it is adapted for production at a low cost when lmanufactured solely for the use herein dis closed.`

Fig.J 1 illustrates a side view of the 'device showing both the hammer holder and `the Yrenewable cutting member together with means for securing cutting member within the holder; rlhis view shows the completed hammer in a plane parallel with its plane of rotation.

` -Fig 2 shows an elevation of the hammer as it--presents `itself to `the vwork of cutting,a and crushing. y i

f Fig. 3 illustrates a simple clutch type of holding mechanism for' securing the cutting' member within the holder as a section (in a plane along line A, B, Fig. 1.

` Fig. 4 shows a circular wedge for supn i porting the clutch ball 'against thecuttinp;

member.

Fig. 5 illustrates `another' type of clutch mechanism which is positivein its taction, `in securely hold-ing the cutting'member.

Fig. 6 illustrates a form of keyingJ 'and' clamping mechanism which is `also positive in itsaction and `of low production cost.

ln the several views thehold'ing` portion I of the hammer is Amarked 1, and is vprovided with a recess with sides 6, `Tand 9for` the reception of the'major portion of therenewable cutter' marked 2, which may be in serted.fromA one or both `ends of the recess,

dependinggon whether a strengtheningwall is 'employed across one end or left "openfas shown in drawing'. The cutter has one acute angled corner projecting outwardly Vfrom thegholding portion and exposed for-cutting1 and crushing service. In Fig.` 8 the clutch balls are `marked 3, the `compressed 'spring which forces the clutch, balls apart is marked 4, and the curved tube provided for 4the purpose of making` Vthe mechanism self contained and attaching' itto the holder 1,

`in a pocket, opening fromv the cutter recess,

and forproviding a surface which can be readily hardened and against which `the balls 3 press in supporting the cutting` member 2 in engagement withthe `jaws 6 and 7,'is marked 5. The curved tube 5 of Figs. 1, 2 Aand 3 which is seated inthe holding` member 1, a'ords inclined'surfaces for supportingI each of the clutch yballs `in their various positions along' the tube, which poe sitions are in turn dependent upon the relative positions of the surface 1() of the renewable cutter, against which the clutch balls rest and the inside wall of the tube, andit allows the position of the clutch balls to compensate for various sizes of'cutters as well as allowing the clampingand releasing` of cutters. Thus when clampingy a small cutter, the clutchballs will be farther apart than when clamping a large cutter.`

lt will be apparent from an inspection of the drawings that the hammer, when attached to a rotor by means of a carrying member passing through opening 8 in one end thereof land rotated, asin practice, at high velocity, will. develop, through the action of centrifuga-l force, a strong tendency for the cutting,` member, 2,to forcibly wedge itself between the jaw members `6 and 7 which will support said cutting member in service. It will also be seen that the clutch mechanisms are adapted to hold the cutting member, 2, securely in contact with the holder jaws and provide for taking up any varying clearance between the surface 9 of the holder and l0 of the cutting member which may be occasioned by slightly varying sizes in the cutting members or 'because of the cutting member adjusting itself more securely between the holding jaws 6 and 7.

Referring to Figs. l and 2, the operation of renewing a cutting edge will be seen to consist of the compression of spring i by means of either one or both of balls 3 being pressed inwardly against the spring, and in any convenient manner, as by the jaws of tongs inserted through the holes marked 16, which act releases the cutting member 2 so that it may be slid out endwise and again inserted after being rotated to present a new cutting edge, or another cutting member may be substituted therefore. When inserting a cutting member in the holder, it

is necessary to restrain the clutch until the' cutting member is properly positioned, at

which time the release otl the clutch will securely hold the cutting member within the holder jaws.

ln the operation ot the clutch shown in Fig. 4 the spring ll tends to rotate the circular cam l2 which is made in the form of an annulary wedge so as to force the ball 3 outward against surface 13 of the cutting member 2. The cam l2 being in the form of a circular wedge which is grooved on the side against which the ball presses will cause the ball to wedge between it and the cutting member 2 in case the cutting member should move in either direction.

It is obvious that other forms of clamping members may be utilized for holding the renewable cutting member 2 within the holder l. l do not, therefore, limit my invention to the particular clamping devices shown, in view ot other forms of wedges, toggles and other grips all oi' which are available. A fairly good and practical clutching' arrangement consists of a rocking or inclined key in the cutting member engaging an inclined key-way in the holder to positively prevent movement in one direction and with a spring and ball clutch to prevent movement in the opposite direction.

`This latter arrangement may be especially useful in such a machine as is shown in my patent application No. 279144, filed February 25, 1919 and in which machine the rod ior holding the hammer is arranged ver" tically and the rotation of the drum is in a horizontal plane in which case there would be a tendency for the renewable cutter 2 to drop, by the force o1c gravity, from the holder which the wedging key would positively prevent and in which type of machine such a wedging key located approximately central with the length ot the renewable cutter might prove entirely satis'liactorv without any additional clutch.

lt will be understood by those versed in the art that the cost of renewing hammers in crushing and pulverizing machines is a very substantial part oi" the cost of operation and any improvement which reduces the cost oi" renewals or lessens the cost olt installing renewals is ot importance.

TWhat l claim is:

l. The combination of a holder, suitable for mounting in a Crusher or a pulverizer, a triangular prism, and means for locking said triangular prism within a recess in said holder.

2. il crushing or pulverizing hammer comprising a holder having a recess in one end, a prismatic shaped tool fitting in said holder and clamping means in said, recess for holding said tool in place; a portion of said tool iitting in said recess and having a projecting working edge outside ot said holder.

3. A combination in a hammer, tor Crushers and pulverizers, of a regular triangular prism, a holder, having two jaws adapted to engage two sides of said prism and a clutch mechanism adapted to act between said holder and said prism, to retain said prism within said holder.

a. ln a hammer, adapted for use in crushers or pulverizers, the combination of a member adapted for crushing or cutting, a holder tor said member said holder having an eye at one end and a clutch mechanism adapted to prevent by wedging, the dislodgment of said member except when said clutch is intentionally released.

5. The combination, in a pulverizer hammer, of a triangular prism and a holder having at one end thereof a recess oi incomplete triangular section adapted to hold two acute angled edges of said triangular prism, and adapted to permit the third acute angled edge of said triangular prism to project outside said holder.

6. A beater, adapted ior use within a Crusher or pulverizer, consisting of the com bination of a holder with an incomplete triangular recess, adapted to engage portions of the three similar sides of a triangular prism, and a triangular prism in engagement therewith and having an edge adjacent to two of said sides thereof projecting from said holder.

7. The combination of a holder, adapted, by an eye in one end thereof, for mounting in a crusher or pulverizer and having a recess in the other end thereof, and a regular triangular prism and means for rigidly locking said triangular prism in said holder.

8. i pulverizing hammer consisting o'l `a holder having a recess in one end; said Missie recess having two of its opposite Walls in- ][n testimony whereof I affix my signaclined and its ends open; a prismatio-shaped ture in the presence of two Witnesses.

tool seated in said recess and clamping' means for holding said tool in place; said tool having a projecting edge outside of said holder and inline with the Width of said iecess.

JOSEPH L. HLLER.

' `Witnesses:

EDWARD 1B. HILLER, FLORENCE L. HILLER. 

